The Black Of Black Criminal Labels - 866 Words

Welch (2007) instituted her article with details of speculations and theories that coincided to the development of Black criminal labels. Now, the Black criminal labels are basically the stereotypes that black people are commonly involve or associate with regarding with crime. She thought it was a plausible concept to understand the images of crime shown by a society. She explicates on racial stereotypes through crime rates, black involvement in crimes, media, and racial hoaxes. For instance, young black males in America are commonly perceived as violent, gang affiliated, and sustain by other labels everywhere. She mentions â€Å"talking about crime is talking about race† which has adapted to the publics’ minds throughout a wide range in history (Welch, 2007; Barlow, 1998, p.151). Welch gives an example of a common white stereotype of African Americans as being less controlled, and more prone to crime than whites which adds to the public’s conception of cri minality (2007; Higginbotham, 2002, p.147). Through the various factors, like black involvement in crime have contributed to the criminal stereotyping of blacks. Concerning this, Randall Kennedy interpreted how the reputation of Blacks has been â€Å"besieged† by beliefs from white people about inclinations beforehand towards criminal activity that could be traced back to when Africans were held in captivity (1997; Welch, 2007). His statement conveyed that African Americans have had this reputation for decades. The realShow MoreRelated Is The Criminal Justice System Racially Biased? Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pages Is the Criminal Justice System Racially Biased? Most criminologist use two sources of criminal justice data in the United States: the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the National Crime Victimization Surveys (NCVS). The URC data is made from law enforcement agencies and include crime incidents reported to or obtained by the police. NCVS data is obtained from a very complex national survey of a sample of homes and provide information about crime incidents and victims for both reported and unreportedRead MoreCrime Is A Social Construction Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pagestheir own deviance and maintain their own dominance. Neo-marxists look at how moral panics create a social construction of crime and can criminalise certain groups. Finally, feminists, argue crime is constructed in a patriarchal way and that the criminal justice system is harsher to female offenders. Whereas others criticise these theories for not focusing on all disadvantaged groups. Crime refers to behaviour that breaks the law, rather than the idea that crime is something that exists as a realityRead MoreWright Edelman s Education965 Words   |  4 Pagessuccessful and economically stable future for our children today is not available to all children, especially young Black males. According to Jenkins (2006) in the needs assessment for African American Men of Arizona State University (AAMASU) program, the university noted that Black males experience a high level of underachievement in the higher education arena, over involvement in the criminal system, and high rates of unemployment, poverty, and dying via homicide (Arizona State University, 2004). AllRead MoreAnalysis Of New Jim Crow 1364 Words   |  6 Pageslegalized employment discrimination that deter African Americans who are branded as felons from easily integrating back to the society, act to trap African Americans to a second-class status. Therefore, the label of â€Å"felon† is the new Jim C row, a legal stamp of inferiority that prevents millions of black men from fully participating in society. I believe that denying returning citizens from practicing their human rights even after they have served their time is morally wrong, as it shows that the societyRead MoreWho Shot Johnny, by Debra Dickerson Essay543 Words   |  3 Pagesthat she carries on her chest. Dickerson wants the reader to establish a connection between intellect and the black society. She even states, â€Å"I do this because I know that those of us who are not well-fed white guys in suits must not yield the debate to them, however well-intentioned or well-informed they may be.† (224). If intellect were strictly given to â€Å"well-fed white guys†, the black society would not have the creditability to contribute toward the intelligent aspects of society. Without theseRead MoreEssay on Prejudice and Discrimination in Crash964 Words   |  4 Pageseach other. As a result, it is best to anal yze this film from a symbolic interactionism point of view by analyzing how the labels the characters encounter in this film affect their perception and in turn create prejudice (Henslin). One of the most obvious labels that characters dealt with in â€Å"Crash† were the labels based upon race. One of the best examples of how racial labels shaped the social environment is the way Daniel, a tattooed Hispanic locksmith, was treated by both Jean Cabot, a whiteRead MoreAfrican Youth And Moral Panics Essay1062 Words   |  5 Pages African youth and Moral Panics African youth crime and the portrayal of black youths in the media has generated substantial publicity over the years. In part because statistics show that black youths committed a disproportionate amount of crime, however the media is known to exaggerate news stories by creating moral panics. Moral panic refers to the exaggerated outburst of public concern over the morality and behavior of particular groups in society. African youths in particular are portrayedRead Moreâ€Å"Just Walk on By: Black Men and Public Space† by Brent Staples1449 Words   |  6 Pages In Brent Staples’ Just Walk on By: Black Men and Public Space, Staples describes the issues, stereotypes, and criticisms he faces being a black man in public surroundings. Staples initiates his perspective by introducing the audience in to thinking he is committing a crime, but eventually reveals how the actions taken towards him are because of the fear linked to his labelled stereotypes of being rapists, gangsters and muggers. Staples continues to unfold the audience from a 20 year old experienceRead MoreLabeling Theory And Its Effect On The Individual1233 Words   |  5 Pagescategorize individuals who breaks the laws or commit crime. The purpose of the labeling is to cause social humiliation so the individual want commit the crime again. Labels are placed on individuals who commit crime to reduce repeat offenses. A person of prestige that has a high ranking social class is the individual that usually determines how labels are applied. Labeling theory can have a negative ef fect on the individual who is categorized, the individual is more likely to view them self as labeled. ThereforeRead More‚Äà ²Discuss How Far Sociologists Would Agree That Teenage Criminal and Deviant Behaviour Results from Parents Failing to Socialise Their Children Correctly‚Äà ´977 Words   |  4 Pages‘Discuss how far sociologists would agree that teenage criminal and deviant behaviour results from parents failing to socialise their children correctly’ In this essay I will be discussing how far sociologists would agree that teenage criminal and deviant behaviour results from parents failing to socialise their children correctly. Teenage criminal and deviant behaviour is when teenagers (13-19 yr olds) participate in activities which breach the law and are involved in activities which are seen

Globalization And Its Impact On Society - 1307 Words

Globalization is a phenomenon involving the integration of ideas circulating worldwide, connecting people from everywhere (Friedman). Globalization affects everything, but most importantly it impacts our own cultures. Culture is the way that groups of people act, believe, and live. This is crucial to life because without culture, we wouldn’t be unique. Cultures are linked together through globalization because globalization can spread cultures worldwide, altering them in the process. Globalization is something that has existed on throughout history, still in our everyday lives. To give some background, America embodies ideas of opportunity, freedom, and a land of promise. America promotes these values and ideas because it creates a strong and unified country. It even influences other territories to follow the successfulness of the U.S. acquiring freedom from Great Britain. Likewise, America is one of the world’s leading superpowers so people either aspire to be like Ame ricans or fear and fight them. This leads into the significance of perspectives because some outside areas may envision America as glorious or as a force they must oppose and rebel against. These areas make judgements on America based on their values/beliefs or in other words their culture. Due to this, some areas may be bias towards America, creating contention because America sees themselves as helpful when other countries/areas strongly agree with them or strongly disagree. This is also part of the reasonShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Globalization On The Society1114 Words   |  5 Pages The Impact of Globalization 3 Introduction The effects of globalization are visible everywhere. The mixing of cultures and races throughout our society is everywhere. It’s on television, in our homes and woven into our workplace. This is not necessarily a new construct; it’s just more noticeable today than in the past. The Roman Empire opened all trade in Europe, Africa andRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is the process by which different societies, culture, and how regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political beliefs through communication, marketing, and transportation. Predominately, globalization has made a worldwide impact on many nations in numerous ways such as; politically, economically, as well as socially. Globalization has shaped the independence of various nations, thus leading to worldly affairs based on a global level. Leading to trends in cultureRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1369 Words   |  6 Pages Globalization is a broad term used in multiple social studies classes. There are three types of globalization: cultural, economical and political. As both positive and negative views exist on globalization; using just the word globalization isn’t specific enough to understand these viewpoints. Knowing the different types of globalization will allow a person to form their own opinion whether or not each individual type of globalization has a positive or negative impact on society. Cultural globalizationRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1637 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction Globalization as ‘the acutely adamant affiliation of economies, societies and cultures into a borderless accepted communications [technology] and accumulation arrangement [is] a world-transforming process, not all which is pleasant,’ (Morrison, 2010, p. 32). Although globalization is, and will apparently abide for some time, one of ‘a lot of ambiguous and misunderstood’ concepts, there is some accepted arena to be beginning an allotment of all the confusion (White, 2008). That isRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1311 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization, has taken place for centuries, is the shrinking of geographic that accelerate the flows of money, goods, people and culture around the planet. Migration came when people move between countries either temporarily or permanently, to seek education and employment or to escape adverse political, environments. Culture and globalization have infinite impact on each other. Humans have never been closer together than we are today. Globalization, started from the intercontinental migrationRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1963 Words   |  8 PagesGlobalization has been rapidly influencing businesses in today’s society. It is a way of bringing markets around the world closer together to form better partnerships and improve communication between the different countries, governments and businesses that are motivated by investments and international trading. Globalization has been adapted to foster political and diplomatic affiliations between countries. This way of conducting business creates a competitive market place, and keeps the organizationsRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society942 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization has, from the late twentieth century, led nations and their borders to be called into questions. Populations, often driven by their youths, now have instant access to information on everything that happened around the world. Meanwhil e, and because of this globalization, states have been forced to open up to the world and to free their borders to facilitate exchanges. Therefore, people began to feel less constrained by their nationality and became what is often referred to as citizensRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1274 Words   |  6 Pagespeople alike, yet globalization is a vastly broad and unfamiliar concept to a majority of people. Personally, before enrolling in this class, I thought I knew what the general idea of globalization was, as rudimentary and elementary as my knowledge of the topic had been. However, after only exposing myself to a minuscule amount of cultural literature throughout the course of this class thus far, I have greatly expanded my understanding of what the true meaning of globalization is: a process thatRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization defines practically all facets of modern life. The jobs available to the public, the cultures people embody/emulate, the relationships individuals engage in, are all continuously altered by the profound forces of the globalizing process. Capital, people, images, commodities and ideology transcend national borders, and information races around the globe at accelerating speeds (Inda 4). The theme of globalization has emerged generating considerable amounts of controversy in its wake,Read MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society Essay1980 Words   |  8 Pagesphenomenon is called globalization. As humans continue to advance technologically, we, as humans, will become more unified. This unification has many benefits. We will be able to work together on an economical, political, and social level. The state-of-the-art capabilities in commerce and trading between countries globalization fosters immense economical growth. Consequently, this growth will lead to an increase in jobs and overall economic health. Nevertheless, some claim that globalization will have certain

Joseph Goebbles biography Essay Example For Students

Joseph Goebbles biography Essay Master propagandist of the Nazi regime and dictator of its cultural life for twelve years, Joseph Goebbels was born into a strict Catholic, working-class family from Rheydt, in the Rhineland, on 29 October 1897. He was educated at a Roman Catholic school and went onto study history and literature at the University of Heidelberg under ProfessorFriedrich Gundolf, a Jewish literary historian renowned as a Goethe scholar and a close disciple of the poet Stefan George. Goebbels had been rejected for military service during World War I because of a crippled foot the result of contracting polio as a child and a sense of physical inadequacy tormented him for the rest of his life, reinforced by resentment of the reactions aroused by his diminutive frame, black hair and intellectual background. Bitterly conscious of his deformity and fearful of being regarded as a bourgeoisintellectual, Goebbels overcompensated for his lack of the physical virtues of thestrong, healthy, blond, Nordic type by his ideological rectitude and radicalism once he The hostility to the intellect of the little doctor, his contempt for the human racein general and the Jews in particular, and his complete cynicism were an expression ofhis own intellectual self-hatred and inferiority complexes, his overwhelming need todestroy everything sacred and ignite the same feelings of rage, despair and hatred in At first Goebbelss hyperactive imagination found an outlet in poetry, drama and abohemian life-style, but apart from his expressionist novel, Michael: ein Deutsches Schicksal in Tagebuchblattern (1926), nothing came of these first literary efforts. It was in the Nazi Party that Goebbelss sharp, clear-sighted intelligence, his oratorical gifts and flair for theatrical effects, his uninhibited opportunism and ideological radicalism blossomed in the service of an insatiable will-to-power. In 1925 he was made business manager of the NSDAP in the Ruhr district and at the end of the year was already the principal collaborator of Gregor Strasser, leader ofthe social-revolutionary North German wing of the Party. Goebbels founded and edited the Nationalsozialistischen Briefe (NS Letters) and other publications of the Strasserbrothers, sharing their proletarian anti-capitalist outlook and call for a radical revaluation of all values. His National Bolshevik tendencies found expression in his evaluation of Soviet Russia (which he regarded as both nationalist and socialist) as Germanys natural ally againstthe devilish temptations and corruption of the West. It was at this time that Goebbels, who had co-authored the draft programme submitted by the Nazi Left at the Hanover Conference of 1926, called for the expulsion ofpetty-bourgeois Adolf Hitler from the National Socialist Party. Goebbelss shrewd political instinct and his opportunism were demonstrated by his switch to Hitlers side in 1926, which was rewarded by his appointment in November of the same year as Nazi district leader for Berlin- Brandenburg. small, conflict-ridden organization, Goebbels rapidly succeeded in taking control andundermining the supremacy of the Strasser brothers in northern Germany and theirmonopoly of the Party press, founding in 1927 and editing his own weekly newspaper,Der Angriff (The Attack). He designed posters, published his own propaganda, stagedimpressive parades, organized his bodyguards to participate in street battles, beer-hallbrawls and shooting affrays as a means to further his political agitation. By 1927 the Marat of Red Berlin, a nightmare and goblin of history had already become the most feared demagogue of the capital city, exploiting to the full his deep, powerfulvoice, rhetorical fervour and unscrupulous appeal to primitive instincts. A tireless, tenacious agitator with the gift of paralysing opponents by a guileful combination of venom, slander and insinuation, Goebbels knew how to mobilize the fears of the unemployedmasses as the Great Depression hit Germany, playing on the national psyche withWith the skill of a master propagandist he transformed the Berlin student and pimp, Horst Wessel, into a Nazi martyr, and provided the slogans, the myths and images, the telling aphorisms which rapidly spread the message of National Socialism. A Personal Experience with Fear EssayHe combined verbal warnings that, as a result of the war, the Jews will pay withextermination of their race in Europe and perhaps beyond with careful avoidance inhis propaganda material of discussing the actual treatment of the Jews, i.e. anymention of the extermination camps. Goebbelss anti-semitism was one factor whichbrought him closer to Hitler, who respected his political judgement as well as hisadministrative and propagandist skills. His wife Magda and their six children were welcome guests at the Fuhrers Alpine retreat of Berchtesgaden. In 1938 when Magdatried to divorce him because of his endless love affairs with beautiful actresses,it was Hitler who intervened to straighten out the situation. During World War II relations between Hitler and Goebbels became more intimate,especially as the war situation deteriorated and the Minister of Propaganda encouragedthe German people to ever greater efforts. After the Allies insisted on unconditional surrender, Goebbels turned this to advantage, convincing his audience that there was no choice except victory or destruction. In a famous speech on 18 February 1943 in theBerlin Sportpalast, Goebbels created an atmosphere of wild emotion, winning the agreement of his listeners to mobilization for total war. Playing adroitly on German fears of the Asiatic hordes, using his all-pervasive control of press, film and radioto maintain morale, inventing mythical secret weapons and impregnable fortresses in the mountains where the last stand would be made, Goebbels never lost his nerve or his It was his quick thinking and decisive action on the afternoon of 20 July 1944, when he isolated the conspirators in the War Ministry with the help of deta chments of loyal troops, which saved the Nazi regime. Shortly afterwards heachieved his ambition to be warlord on the domestic front, following his appointmentin July 1944 as General Plenipotentiary for Total War. Given the widest powers to move and direct the civilian population and even toredistribute manpower within the armed forces, Goebbels imposed an austerity programmeand pressed for ever greater civilian sacrifice. But with Germany already close tocollapse, it was too late to accomplish anything beyond further dislocations andconfusion. As the war neared its end, Goebbels, the supreme opportunist, emerged as the Fuhrers most loyal follower, spending his last days together with his family,in the Fuhrerbunker under the Chancellery. Convinced that the Nazis had finally burntall their bridges and increasingly fascinated by the prospect of a final apocalypse, Goebbelss last words on dismissing his associates were: When we depart, let the earth Following the Fuhrers suicide, Goebbels disregarded Hitlers politicaltestament, which had appointed him as Reich Chancellor, and decided to follow suit. He had his six children poisoned with a lethal injection by an SS doctor and then himself and his wife Magda shot by an SS orderly on 1 May 1945. With characteristic pathos and egomania he declared not long before his death: We shall go down inhistory as the greatest statesmen of all time, or as the greatest criminals.Bibliography:

International Business Strategy Case

Introduction The Australian’s fair work act, 2009 began operating on July 2009. It provides a fair framework for any workplace relations that promote national economic prosperity and social Inclusion for all Australians. In addition, it provides fair workplace laws that are flexible and favorable for the country’s economic growth, productivity, and for business operations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Business Strategy Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This act ensures that net pay and wages are up to the national employment standards for the sake of employees. It also enhances flexibility, thus assisting employees to balance their work and family responsibility. According to the Australia’s Employment Act (2009), an employer should never contradict the national employment standards. The main issue that concerns the Fair Work Act, 2009 is that, it provides fair wages and conducive employment conditions, termination of employment, dispute resolution, enterprise bargaining, and industrial action. The act also requires an employer to abide by the terms and conditions of employment. For instance, an employer cannot force a fulltime employee to work for more than 38 hours in a week unless there is a reasonable reason for the extra hours. Therefore, an employee is obliged to refuse to work for extra unreasonable hours by exercising his/ her rights (National employment standards 2009). â€Å"With the introduction of the Fair Work Act (2009) the pendulum of workplace regulation in Australia has swung back towards the centre. Discuss with reference to the implications for bargaining over terms and conditions of employment.† According to Holley et al (2008 pp 243), collective bargaining is an activity that involves the union representatives and the employer and management officials, in an attempt to solve conflicting issues that affect employees, thus sustaining and boosting the work relationship. When collective bargaining is successful, it boosts relationship between the employers and employees, thus both parties begin to trust each other through transparency and honesty; indeed, the possibility of damage is reduced. According to Caisey (2007, pp 36), there are four types of collective agreements; a single –employer collective agreement, single union collective agreement, a multi-employer agreement and a multi- union and multi-employer collective agreement.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Collective bargaining includes discussing pressing issues such as Bargaining assistance to the low paid employees – it may involve issues such as employees designated to childcare, security, and community services; Abolishment of tough rules of industrial action where it may harm the country’s economy or even interfering with the economy of an organization. Industrial action may also be disregarded if it risks the welfare of the citizens. Right to entry, which union members are required to adhere to and members cannot disclose any information discussed. Protection from unfair dismissal of employees, which is an important issue that fights for the employees rights, hence dismissals are only accepted if there is a genuine reason, such as redundancy. Balances between work and family is encouraged in the Fair Act such that working hours should be flexible enough to allow employees to attain time to attend to family responsibilities. The right to be presented in the work place, which involves a decision by an employee to be involved in a union or not; employees can also decide on whether to engage in bargaining agreement or choose not to. Collective bargaining acts as a regulator in which employers and employees can freely express their views concerning the nature of work at hand and come t o an agreement (Fair work Australia 2009). Negotiations are involved in the good faith bargaining, whereby an employer agrees to bargain with the employees on pressing work issues; this is the notification time. However, according to the Act, the employer should notify the employees of the right of representation in 14 days after the notification time. Good Faith bargaining involves the bargaining representatives, who must meet a number of requirements. First, they should always attend meetings at the right time; they should not disclose any confidential information at all; and they should be in a position to respond to the proposals that are made by other bargaining representatives. In addition, the representatives should refrain from any behavior that undermines the collective bargaining principles. Finally, they should all come to an agreement on issues concerned. Therefore, the Fair Act (2009) has provided a fair ground for both employers and employees to negotiate in terms of t he nature of work. This meets with the objectives of the Act, which focuses on fairness in the place of work. The freedom of unions that represent employees is encouraged in this Act; therefore, employees are able to air their grievances, making the place of work a conducive environment. In Chapter 2 of the Fair Work Act ( Collective Bargaining, 2009), there are two types of terms and conditions of employment that include the national employment standards (NES) – a modern award national minimum wage order, and an equal remuneration order. Therefore, for a modern award to be applicable to an employer or an employee, the award must cover the employee or the employer. It has to be also operational and it cannot be applicable when one has a high source of income. A court order can also lead to a modern award being applicable to an individual. A modern award must include the national employment standards in that it is not an exemption. Its terms must supplement the national employ ment standards and should operate according to the NES terms and conditions. For instance, the modern award agreement on annual leave of employees is 6 weeks with full pay. Thus, applying the NES, which states that the minimum number of leave is 4 weeks, most organizations in Australia have put this strategy of leave with full pay in practice. An enterprise agreement applies to an employee in relation to a specific employment; however, an agreement may cease to apply to an employee if the period of agreement expires.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Business Strategy Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More National employment standards are those standards that are as a requirement in the workplace and involve both the employer and the employee (An Act relating to workplace relations and for the related purposes, 2009, pp 78). The minimum working standards include maximum weekly hours, flexible working arrangements, parental, long service, careers, and annual leaves. Notice of termination and redundancy pay are also inclusive. According to the act, the maximum working hours for any full time employee is 38 hours in a week; but the employee has the right to refuse to work for any unreasonable additional hours. However, there is a determination on how reasonable or unreasonable the additional hours could be. First, they should not be a risk to employee’s health after working. According to Burke and Cooper (2008, pp 119), the intense of work that could lead to extra working hours and employee extra effort could result to health deterioration, thus interfering with the employee’s wellbeing. In addition, they should not compromise employee’s family responsibilities like parental responsibilities. The additional hours should rhyme with the needs of the employee’s organization. Moreover, an employee should be entitled to an overtime payment for the additional hours worked. A notice should however be given earlier by the employer to request for the additional hours, while the employee should also give an earlier notice, if he intends to refuse the work. The additional hours should rhyme with the employee work pattern, and they should be influenced by the nature of employee’s role in the organization. Finally, the addition hours should be in accordance with an agreement between the employer and the employee (An Act relating to workplace relations and for the related purposes, 2009, pp 79). This Act gives the right to an employee to request for flexible working hours. This can be applicable to an employee who have a parental responsibility for a child in school or who is under the age of 18 years and for the case of a disabled child. However, an employee can only ask for flexible working arrangement if he or she has worked for a minimum of 1 year in that organization; the request has to be in writing for formality purposes. The empl oyer has to respond to the request in 21 days either granting the request or disregarding it. In case of the latter, the employer must give a reason for his decision, incase he denies the employee his request.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For parental leaves, an employee is not entitled to this type of leave if he has not worked for at least a year in the organization. There are two types of parental leaves – birth-related leave, which includes unpaid maternity leave and unpaid parental leave for casual workers. The second is the adoption related leave, which includes unpaid parental leave, which is preparation for the adoption of a child, and pre-paid adoption leave; the adopted child must however be under the age of 18 years old for permission to be granted. However, birth-related leaves start from 6 weeks before the due date of birth. However, a 10-week earlier notice should be given to the employer before the leave commences, as evidence on the actual date of birth is required by the employer. In addition, incase an employee wants to extend his leave, he should write to the employer 4 weeks before the end of his or her leave. This gives time for the employer to respond to the request within 21 days. Howeve r, no extension of leave can be granted beyond 24 months in cases of birth and placement leaves (An Act relating to workplace relations and for the related purposes, 2009, pp 94) The Fair Work Act guarantees an employee the right of transfer to safer job in cases of pregnancy, and if she has served the organization for at least a year, evidence that supports the transfer must be produced. This enables an employee to choose the type of work that does not cause any negative effects on his/her health. The comfort of every worker at their place of work is a concern to the government. In this case, the annual leave is compulsory to every working organization, and is associated with full pay. However, public holidays are not inclusive to an employee’s annual leave pay. Identify rights and obligations, understanding the development of various rights and obligations, understanding the interplay between various spheres of regulations. According to Department of foreign affairs trade (2008), â€Å"Australia’s modern, competitive economy is underpinned by flexible workplace relations system which link productivity to remuneration and promotes innovation and efficiency gains in individual work places.† With the presence of collective bargaining, employees and employers can be able to negotiate and agree on the nature of work at the place of work. Importantly, the collective bargaining leads a firm to a competitive advantage since the workers are motivated and they work to meet the company’s goals and objectives. Every employee in Australia has a right to 38 working hours on weekly basis, with only reasonable additional hours. This is in addition to the right to 52 days of unpaid parental leave in form of maternity, paternity or adoption leave, four weeks of annual leave with full pay. Career leave with pay is also inclusive. Freedom of association is also encouraged in the work place, hence the presence of unions. The Fair Work Act fights agai nst unfair dismissals at the place of work. According to Lewis and Sargeant (2004 pp 152), in cases where an employer does not give reliable reason for dismissing an employee, then this type of dismissal is regarded as unfair. An employee can only be dismissed if he is dismissed on genuine terms, if only they were performing a specific task for a specific period of time and if one was employed by a small business. However, the government of Australia established new workplace relation systems that commenced in 2010. They include; collective bargaining power, minimum employment standards, the right to freedom of association, curbing discrimination, and procedures involved in dispute and grievance settlement, as well as laws that protect employee from unfair dismissal. When employers adopt these systems for their organizations, then the working environment will be conducive for employees, thus leading to maximum productivity that will enhance the competitive advantage of the company. Employment standards in Australia are necessary for an organization, since they are essential to the employees and employers as well. If an organization meets the national employment standards required of them, then they are abiding to the rules and laws of the Fair Work Act. National employment standards ensure that an employee is comfortable at his place of work such that, the employer is able to coordinate the staff. When these standards are put in place, employees and employers are able to understand what is expected of them at the place of work such that, an employee cannot decide not to go to work without any reliable reason and he has to request for permission in writing to the manager in advance. The manager should give a response, which could be positive or negative. If permission is denied, then the manager should indicate a relevant reason for his decision. Such a procedure allows an organization to run effectively, thus employees and employers know their limits at the pl ace of work. It is clear that each employee in Australia has a right in the place of work and there are governmental organizations present like Fair Work Ombudsman, which tackles any work related complaints whereby, it investigates such issues in compliance with the country’s work place laws (Fair Work Ombudsman, 2010). Finally, the Fair Work Act enhances fairness and justice at the place of work for both employees and employers. In addition, it improves employee-employer relationship since all the procedures and issues in this act involving communication are encouraged. Conclusion According to Fowkes (2011, pp 12), the unemployment rate in Australia is caused by skill shortage; hence, this is an issue that needs to be addressed by the government. The Fair Work Act, 2009 provides a framework for employment terms and conditions, and issues that surround employment department. In this case, the Australian government has put in place rules and regulations that employees and empl oyers should abide to in the place of work. In addition, disregarding of unfair dismissal and encouraging collective bargaining and agreements are important in any organization. Agreements boost employer-employee relationship in that, they create room for communication and solutions, thus leaving both parties satisfied. Moreover, given that communication is the key to success, this Act encourages the presence of collective agreements, which if well utilized, may lead to success in terms of growth of a company and create a bond between management and the staff. Nevertheless, the government ensures that each employee has a right to an annual leave with full pay and unpaid maternity leave and placement leave incase of an adoption. The issue of fair wages for employees is also addressed. Indeed, when the employee’s needs are met, they become motivated and productive. The Australian government is concerned about the welfare of its citizens, keeping in mind that it is through their hard work that profits are maximized, thus boosting the economic growth of Australia. The Act also clearly states that, in no condition should the employer bend the laws in the Fair Work Act, lest he is held liable. References An Act relating to workplace relations, and for the related purposes. 2009. Fair Work Act.  Web. Burke, R. and Cooper, C., 2008. The long work hours culture: causes, consequences and choices. NY: Emerald Group Publishing. Caisey, K., 2007. Collective Bargaining. Northcote: CCH New Zealand limited. Collective Bargaining. 2009. Fair Work Act. Web. Department of foreign affairs and trade. 2008. Workplace relations in Australia. Web. Fair Work Ombudsman. 2010. Australian government: Web. Fowkes, L. 2011. Rethinking Australia’s employment services. The Whitlam Institute Publisher. Web. Holley, W., et al. 2008. The Labor Relations Process 9th edition. OH: Cengage Learning publisher. Lewis, D. and Sargeant, M., 2004. Essentials of Employment Law. 8th editio n. NY: CIPD publisher. National employment standards. 2009. Fair Work Act: Terms and conditions of employment. Web. This essay on International Business Strategy Case was written and submitted by user Alexis I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Top 10 Secrets Nurses Never Tell Their Patients

The Top 10 Secrets Nurses Never Tell Their Patients Nursing is a tough job and doesn’t get enough credit. Nurses go through a lot and that doesn’t come without developing their own fair share of secrets. Here are 10 secrets nurses never tell their patients:

Mies van der Rohe and Neo-Miesian Architecture

Mies van der Rohe and Neo-Miesian Architecture The United States has a love-hate relationship with Mies van der Rohe. Some say he stripped architecture of all humanity, creating cold, sterile, and unlivable environments. Others praise his work, saying he created architecture in its most pure form. Believing that less is more, Mies van der Rohe became the designer of rational, minimalist skyscrapers, houses, and furniture. Along with the Viennese architect Richard Neutra (1892–1970) and the Swiss architect  Le Corbusier  (1887–1965),  Mies van der Rohe not only set the standard for all modernist design but brought European modernism to America. Background Maria Ludwig Michael Mies was born on March 27, 1886, in Aachen, Germany. He changed his name in 1912 when he opened his own design practice in Berlin, adopting his mothers maiden name, van der Rohe. In todays world of one-name wonders, he is simply called  Mies  (pronounced  Meez  or often  Mees). Education Ludwig Mies van der Rohe began his career in his familys stone-carving business in Germany, learning about the trade from his father who was a master mason and stonecutter. When he was a teenager, he worked as a draftsman for several architects. Later, he moved to Berlin, where he found work in the offices of architect and furniture designer Bruno Paul and industrial architect Peter Behrens. Career Early in his life, Mies van der Rohe began experimenting with steel frames and glass walls, a style that would become known as International. He was the third director of the Bauhaus School of Design, after Walter Gropius and Hannes Meyer, from 1930 until it disbanded in 1933. He moved to the United States in 1937, and for 20 years (1938–1958), he was the director of architecture at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), where he taught his students to build first with wood, then stone, and then brick before progressing to concrete and steel. He believed that architects must completely understand their materials before they can design. Although Mies was not the first architect to practice simplicity in design, he carried the ideals of rationalism and minimalism to new levels. His glass-walled Farnsworth House near Chicago stirred controversy and legal battles. His bronze and glass Seagram Building in New York City (designed in collaboration with Philip Johnson) is considered Americas first glass skyscraper. The Meis philosophy that less is more became a guiding principle for architects in the mid-20th century, and many of the worlds skyscrapers are modeled after his designs. What Is Neo-Miesian? Neo  means  new.  Miesian  refers to Mies van der Rohe. Neo-Miesian  builds upon the beliefs and approaches that Mies practiced- the less is more minimalist buildings in glass and steel. Although Miesian buildings are unornamented, they are not plain.  For example, the famous Farnsworth House combines glass walls with pristine white steel columns. Believing that God is in the details, Mies van der Rohe achieved visual richness through his meticulous and sometimes surprising choice of materials. The towering glass Seagram Building uses bronze beams to accentuate the structure. Interiors juxtapose the whiteness of stone against the swooping, fabric-like wall panels. Some critics call the 2011 Pritzker Prize-winning Portuguese architect Eduardo Souto de Moura neo-Miesian. Like Mies, Souto de Moura (born in 1952) combines simple forms with complex textures. In their citation, the Pritzker Prize jury noted that Souto de Moura has the confidence to use stone that is a thousand years old or to take inspiration from a modern detail by Mies van der Rohe. Although nobody has called Pritzker Laureate Glenn Murcutt (born in 1936) a neo-Miesian, Murcutts simple designs show a Miesian influence. Many of  Murcutts houses in Australia, like the Marika-Alderton House, are elevated on stilts and built on above-ground platforms- taking a page from the Farnsworth House playbook. The Farnsworth House was built in a floodplain, and Murcutts above-ground coastal houses are raised for protection from tidal surges. But Murcutt builds on van der Rohes design- circulating air not only cools the house but also helps keep the Australian critters from finding easy shelter. Perhaps Mies thought of that, too. Death On August 17, 1969, at the age of 83, Mies van der Rohe died of esophageal cancer at Chicago’s Wesley Memorial Hospital. He is buried in nearby Graceland Cemetery. Important Buildings Some of the more notable building designs by Meis, include: 1928-29: Barcelona Pavilion1950: The Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois1951: Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Chicago1956: Crown Hall, Chicago1958: Seagram Building, New York (with Philip Johnson)1959-74: Federal Center, Chicago Furniture Designs Some of the more notable furniture designs by Meis, include: 1927: Side Chair (MR 10)1929: The Barcelona ® Chair1930: Brno Flat Bar Chair1948: Mies allowed one of his protà ©gà ©s, Florence Knoll, exclusive rights to produce his furniture. Learn more from Knoll, Inc.

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Leadership - Essay Example There are some people in the organization who have tremendous qualities, which can be used for the growth of the organization. A good leader exploits those qualities and makes them unlocked for the attainment of the ultimate objectives of the organization. Some people get misunderstood with leaders and managers. An ideal leader always focuses on the people. The leaders inspire the people; motivate them to do right things and to shape the entities. A leadership has to perform the common activities on the organizational scenario, such as planning, organizing, directing and controlling. It has always been a debate whether the leaders are born or they are made. This debate between nature and nurture in leadership context has been an age-old topic of debate in management field. It is because some people have the innate leadership qualities. For example they are quite outspoken, very aggressive. Further they have natural intelligence. But an effective leadership needs some more traits beyo nd these qualities. The above mentioned qualities certainly are very useful for being good leaders, but it doesn’t mean that if they are absent in the persons, they cannot prove themselves as leaders. The best example of this was Mahatma Gandhi, a charismatic leader, who has a tremendous influence on people. The complicated and huge Indian society despite all its heterogeneous aspects, stood behind him, followed his ideals. Controlling such a hug and diverse nation like India was definitely not an easy task. Mahatma never stood in the benchmark of a good leadership; still he was one of the most influential leaders in the whole world. There are some exclusive qualities of the leaders, which are not found in some of the most influential leaders of the world. Still they have proved themselves as the leaders. No doubt, there are some born leaders. Many leaders have honed their leadership through extensive practice. It is because of their readiness to adapt them and equipped them with some qualities which were previously not in them. Importance of Effective Leadership on Organizational Scenario: In the changing market dynamics the people with various profiles join the organizations. There is fierce competition in the business world. In such crucial circumstances, the organization cannot survive just on the basis of knowledge. No doubt, the sound business knowledge is advantageous but for making things happen. However the effective leadership qualities cannot be neglected. For the survival and growth of the organization, it needs to develop certain strategies effectively. If there is a competition between equally competent organizations, and if the one organization is lacking effective leadership, and the other has a very strong leadership, ultimately the winner will be the organization with effective leadership. Effective leadership is regarded as the highest level of interpersonal dynamics. Learning Outcomes from playing scenarios: To sharpen the leadership qualities among the leaders the simulation has become a smart method. Simulation is nothing but a real life situation in which the trainers have been given the training of becoming the perfect leaders and not just a boss. For this I played games in which five different scenarios were given to me. I played the role the boss. I was not supposed to be just a boss, but to show my leadership qualities. All these scenes were useful for developing the fundamental skill of leadership and

Education for Global Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Education for Global Society - Essay Example These rules and techniques strengthen the students' desire to get a particular degree which may not be available in his homeland. Diversity can affect both the environment of the class and the students. The language differences may lead the students to a communication gap. Students belonging to different culture face different problems in accordance to their living standards. The skill level of the students depends upon their origin and culture. Skill levels are greatly enhanced if the standard of the education system is according to their level. For example a student of China would face difficulties while studying in the USA. This is because the student is not able to cope up with the standards of education in USA as he has always studied in the standards of China. He may face difficulties in understanding the language and writing according to the standards in USA. Culture is an important part in the student's lives. If a person belongs to the USA he would have no difficulties in adjusting to the university environment. Similarly a person who is not of the USA culture might face some difficulties in adjusting to the environment. ... In order to provide a safe and sound environment to the students, paraprofessionals who belong to different cultures should be present there. Paraprofessionals of different heritages may help the students to study with accordance to the standards required in a particular university. They may provide the student with a sense of relief and security as the student belonging to different culture might not be feeling that secure with a paraprofessional of different culture. Parents of the students should also be handled properly by the teachers. The teachers should know that what environment and culture do the parents belong and then must treat the parents accordingly. For example the teachers should tell the parents about the environment of the university with accordance to their culture. The teacher should be completely aware of the multicultural students and the teacher should also know about the standards of education of students of different culture. For example the teacher should kn ow about the standards of education of China and should not force the student from China to work on the standards of USA immediately. If the student is being forced to study on a standard of which he is not aware, it is possible that he may suffer from other problems like he may be discouraged by the environment and possibly may quit his efforts to progress. (Opsahl 1996) If a teacher is teaching in a class where students from many different cultures are present he should always be careful about speaking in the right tone and accent so that all the students even who have a different native language can understand what the teacher is commending to

ICT Usage by the Eldery Essay Example for Free

ICT Usage by the Eldery Essay In this unit of my coursework I shall be writing about an elderly lady with special needs who is helped with the usage of ICT. The person that Im going to be writing about is Mrs Ann Reynolds, an 87 year old lady suffering from arthritis, she lives alone in her own house that she has being living in for over 40 years, it is located in central Harrow. Due to her suffering of arthritis mobility has being very difficult for her, moreover she increasingly has become deaf in the recent years, however this old bird is still mentally tip top and alert and enjoys listening to the radio, in particular the womens programs. Mrs Reynolds has two siblings and two twin granddaughterss aged 12, who currently live in Southampton Some of her Personal needs include the need to move around the house with ease, something that has become increasingly hard due to her condition of arthritis, also she has the need to control appliances and regulate the heating in her house, with old age comes the reduced ability of regulating the bodies temperature, meaning she has the need for constant heating, moreover she also has the need to feel safe in her house, due to recent brake in she has being scared with memories of the incident and has increasingly grown scared of the outside world trying to get in, furthermore she also has the need to do the shopping, cmon old she may be but she still has to eat, in addition she also has the need to receive her medical care. Socially she has the need to be able to keep in touch with friends and family. CCTV Camera and a TV Mrs Reynolds has a special CCTV camera fitted into her porch, which is connected to the her TV inside which is located inside her living room, this empowers Mrs Reynolds to see who is at her door furthermore she also has the ability to speak to them. The CCTV Camera helps meet Mrs Reynolds needs due to it allowing her to see what or who is outside her front door/porch, it also allows her to speak to them if necessary, this helps meet Mrs Reynolds needs because now she can see who is outside her porch without actually opening the door, this therefore gives Mrs Reynolds the convenience of knowing that she can remain safe and unharmed inside her house. This goes back to the time that she was attacked by a bogus caller, which left quite a scar on poor old Mrs Reynolds, via the usage of CCTV Mrs Reynolds now feels safe inside her house and she feels much more independent. Telecare Mrs Reynolds uses a simple technology called Telecare its enables and empowers her so that she lives more independently in the community. Telecare is the new name given to advanced community alarm services. Community alarms plug into telephones lines and come with a call button (pendant) which can be worn by an individual such as Mrs Reynolds. Furthermore using the call button she in now enabled to call for help from anywhere in the home or garden. How does Telecare work? The Telecare unit is fitted to Mrs Reynolds telephone point and main power supply along with some sensors. Telecare sensors can also monitor where she is in her home and can detect if; * She has stopped moving. * Or if she has fallen. * Whether she has gone outside. * Also when she is in bed or sitting in a chair inside her house. Moreover other sensors fitted in her house -smoke detector and extreme temperature detector in her kitchen. When the call button is pressed or one of the sensors is triggered, its base unit will raise an alert through the service users telephone line to a monitoring and Response centre. In case of an emergency, or when the operator cant contact her at home, the operator will contact a family member, a friends or a neighbour to have them quickly pop round and see if everything is alright and that Mrs Reynolds is safe and healthy. If the operator is unable to contact any of the following above, the operator will alert the emergency services. All together Telecare helps meet Mrs Reynoldss personal needs, due to it ensuring that she remains independent and safe in her house, without fear of any incidents happening, even if god-forbid something does happen, most likely someone will be round to help her in no time. All-in-one remote control Mrs Reynolds uses a universal remote control that enables her to access her TV, DVD, satellite receivers and CCTV that is located in her porch, the remote control is fairly large and very easy to function, it is also easily functioned and the buttons are big and bright so its is easy for Mrs Reynolds to use them, furthermore they are highly sensitive to touch and are colour coordinated for easier use. Moreover the all-in-one remote control helps Mrs Reynolds switch between her different functions, for example if she is watching her favourite soap on BBC1 and gets a door knock, she can switch from AV1 to AV2 using the universal remote control, which means she can switch from TV on AV1 to her CCTV camera on AV2, which in response permits her to see and possible speak to whom it may be at the door. Furthermore the large universal all-in-one remote control helps meet Mrs Reynolds personal needs, because of its large shape it is easy for Mrs Reynolds to hold it in her hand and she is unlikely to misplace and loose it, moreover the large touch sensitive buttons, make life easier for Mrs Reynolds allowing.

Catherine and Heathcliffs Passion in Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte

Love’s Destruction in â€Å"Wuthering Heights† In the novel â€Å"Wuthering Heights†, by Emily Bronte, Catherine and Heathcliff’s passion for one another is the center of the story. Catherine appears to struggle with her choices in love displaying immaturity in how she sees the love between herself and Heathcliff. Heathcliff’s love for Catherine is more of a true love, however, â€Å"true love† soon turns into an obsession that leads him to madness and, eventually, his death. Catherine actually detested Heathcliff when they were younger. At their first meeting she sees a scummy, gross and poor little child but as Mr. Earnshaw, Catherine's father, integrates Heathcliff into the family Catherine comes to like Heathcliff and starts to spend a lot of time with him and they eventually become inseparable. Soon after Mr. Earnshaw dies, Hindley, Catherine’s brother, takes over Wuthering Heights and bans Heathcliff to the fields to be a common laborer. This banishment does not stop Catherine from seeking out Heathcliff, it actually increases her adolescent love for Heathcliff. Catherine has a terrible accident one night when Heathcliff and Catherine where out playing around the Grange, she is bitten by a dog at Thruschcross Grange and is treated by Mrs. Linton, the mistress of Thruschcross Grange, and ultimately meets her son Edgar Linton. After staying with the Linton family for awhile, Catherine returns Name 2 home a â€Å"proper† young lady. When she first returns home she is happily greeted, by the servants and her family. Catherine immediately asks for Heathcliff and mocks him â€Å"†¦ how very black and cross you look! And how – how funny and grim!† (47) She is quite displeased with the way his looks have changed since she has been gone. After thi... ...rom not eating properly and the stress that he has put himself through. Heathcliff gets buried right next to Catherine’s grave and has the side of his coffin facing Catherine’s removed so that as their bodies decompose their dust will intermingle to serve as a symbol for everlasting love. We see in this novel that the love between Catherine and Heathcliff constitutes the center of Wuthering Heights both thematically and emotionally, and, if one is to respond at all to the novel it is difficult to resist sympathizing with that love. The love that brings both the rise of Heathcliff and Catherine and the fall of both of them to the point that they die from not being able to express their love and obsession for one another because in actuality they are soul mates. Name 5 Work Cited Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights. Oxford University press, 1998

Judicial Issues in Chapman’s “The Prisoner’s Dilemma”

World history recounts many differences between the East and the West. In spite of the consideration that both are unique in their own culture and tradition, the issue on who is better and more civilized still remains. In â€Å"The Prisoner's Dilemma,† Stephen Chapman compares and contrasts Eastern and Western punishment practices under the criminal justice system. In his view, the Western claim that their practices are less cruel and barbaric is contestable owing to the issues related to the multiple years of incarceration. To elaborate his view, Chapman compares the punishment methods used in Eastern and Western countries. He mentions some punitive practices among Islamic countries such as Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Iran. Among these practices include flogging, or ta zir, a punishment usually given for general offenses. This form of punishment, among others, is endorsed by the Koran itself. Another practice is stoning, which is usually bestowed upon individuals who are found to be adulterous or who engage in non-marital sex. This form of punishment causes severe injury to offenders, causing their deaths. In the website Religious Tolerance. org, several reports on stoning show how Islamic countries apply this practice in varied terms. One report describes how a man dies ten minutes after being stoned while his alleged partner is hit by a large rock on the head after stoning. In addition to these two methods, Islamic countries also apply amputation, beheading, and other forms of execution. Considering these, Chapman contends that Islamic ways of punishment are some forms of â€Å"barbaric rituals. (364) Aside from their hideous method of exterminating criminals, what makes these methods seem more barbaric and cruel is the gathering of the crowd that gawks at the offender’s misfortunes. As Chapman illustrates, Westerners smirk at these practices and claim that theirs are far more humanitarian. In the West, criminals are sentenced to prison for varying number of years based on the gravity of the offense. For instance, Chapman elaborates that a person charged with robbery can be sentenced to six or 30 years imprisonment under the Western judicial system. Based on this, the author implies that a general offense which merits one-time flogging in Islamic countries can cost a person’s lifetime in the West. Moreover, he also cites that with the long trials that each case takes and the cost of maintaining a penitentiary, the government spends too much on procuring justice for the victims. Moreover, the author inductively cites that the practices in the East were the same ones practiced in the West during earlier times. He mentions some cases where criminals were cut in several parts, and tortured by bearing off internal organs while the criminal is in conscious state. Given these former practices, Chapman convinces the readers to reconsider Islamic practices such as those mentioned, which are less grotesque than former Western practices. To convince his readers, Chapman uses both comparison and contrast between the two cultures. Mostly, he gives the contrast, emphasizing more the practicality of the Eastern culture in dealing with punishments. Also, by establishing comparison and claiming that Western civilization once employed even worse practices of amputation, the author appeals to the logic of the readers to assert the issue with valid reasoning. Clearly, Chapman uses logic or logos in his comparison and contrast. He attempts to convince the audience that Western practices are just as evil as the Eastern ones. By impeding criminals to prison, they are likewise subjected to overcrowding, illness, filthy conditions, and routine violence. Sentencing a criminal to life in the prison cells is similar to subjecting him to eventual death or to sacrifices similar to flogging. Also, as mentioned above, keeping criminals in prison implies a big government funding, for the government will have to feed and clothe the prisoners, and hire authorities to look after them. Likewise, Chapman claims that prisons do not serve their purpose for detaining individuals. To illustrate his point, he mentions the five functions of imprisonment. Among these functions, Chapman emphasizes that detention does not serve the third function, which is general deterrence. Although some may be afraid to go to jail, the thought of it does not totally threaten criminals to make them avoid ill-doings. The present crime rate demonstrates that in truth, offenders are not afraid to go against the law, thus making others like the author skeptical about the observance of the third function. Conversely, he notes that encountering a man with just one arm could bring more shrill to those who are trying to plot a crime. In addition, the author also points out that imprisonment does not serve its fifth function, that is rehabilitation. Keeping criminals behind bars and making them face the consequence of acquiring infectious diseases is far from rehabilitative. For others, this function may only be served if criminals are given a better living condition or are endowed by a beautiful experience, such as allowing them to get married, to undergo counseling and psychotherapy, or giving them a job or a vacation (Menninger as mentioned in Chapman 368-369). Considering the disadvantages of imprisonment, sentencing a criminal to keep him from contact with the public seems to be the only consolation that incarceration brings. In addition to logos, the author also uses pathos by citing the dilemma experienced by offenders and victims alike. The long wait for the court to give its sentence is one aspect that causes much shame to Western judicial system. While the case is in process, the victims undergo torment seeing the criminal spend days in freedom. The truth and relevance of this point makes this the subject of TV and film courtroom drama. The same agitation may be true for the criminals or those who are charged but innocent of the crime. As justice is prolonged, so is the torment that the concerned individuals suffer. The use of logos and pathos in establishing comparison and contrast is likewise accompanied by ethos as the article appears in the textbook. The article’s introduction includes a simple biography of the author, telling his achievements as a writer and a Harvard University graduate. This establishes credibility of the author, thus affecting the audience’s stance on the matter. While the logos and pathos that Chapman uses are quite weak to defy religious values, the ethos somewhat helps convince the audience that the words they are reading come from a knowledgeable and well-experienced source. Overall, the points made by the author show his partiality to Western practices. He tries to convince the audience to favor Eastern practices due to their practicality and immediacy. Considering his point, authorities should look into the possibility of adopting these practices; however considering too how people react to changes, Chapman’s proposition may fail to convince many people, especially those who advocate love and reverence for the body.

Personnel Management and Organizational Behavior Essay

Four ways to shape employee behavior are: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Positive reinforcement is following a reaction with something enjoyable (Robbins & Judge, 2007). Employees need recognition for exceeding the organization’s standard on job performance. A well-organized reward program will motivate employees to excel the organization’s standard. Example of this are: employee of the month, quarter or year, and recognitions to employees for presenting ideas to improve the organization’s operation. Negative reinforcement is also referred as â€Å"looking busy†. Supervisors should explain the task to the employee, provide necessary resources, and ensure the work is performed to standard. These actions will help eliminate negative reinforcement. Punishment and knowing the organization’s standard are directly related. The organization’s standard, duties and responsibilities of the employees have to be established in order to hold employees accountable for their incorrect behavior. Punishment can be used as the way to unsure employees follows the standard. The different type of punishments have to be included in the workplace policy to ensure the employee knows what could happen if he/she does not follow the standard. Extinction is a behavior not reinforced, causing it to disappear (Robbins & Judge, 2007). Adequate supervision and communication in the workplace are two key elements to assess this behavior and eliminate when is not needed. Managers have to develop ways to shape employee’s behavior in order to improve performance. Shaping the employee’s behavior starts with adopting practice that encourage employees to be responsible, loyal, and committed to an organization’s goal (â€Å"Strategic Planning in the Payroll Department†, 2007). Some of these practices include setting standards, establishing duties and responsibilities, and direct supervision. Discuss the three components of an attitude. The main components of an attitude are: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. Cognitive component is a consciously held opinion or belief (Colborn, 2007, p. 68), such as â€Å"sexual harassment is wrong†. Managers should enforce values, high standard, group and cultural behavior awareness to improve the working environment. The affective component is the emotional tone or feeling of an attitude (Colborn, 2007): â€Å"I don’t like Charles, because he harasses his female employees†. Leaders should maintain open communication with their employees to let them express their feelings and emotions. Behavioral component is the intent to behave in a certain way toward something or someone (Robbins & Judge, 2007), such as â€Å"I’m going to avoid Charles because of his improper conduct†. This action could cause problems in the work group and if not handle properly it will set a bad example to the employees. In conclusion leaders should understand the components of an attitude in order to establish means to avoid these in the working environment. Enforcing values, high standards, open communication and continues supervising are key to success. How is bounded rationality related to decision making? Bounded rationality is defined as making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p. 161). This concept used a method where a satisfactory solution is obtained in stade of the optimal solution. This approach is driven by previous experiences, limited information and selecting the first solution that satisfies the constraints. Decision-making process is a detail process to obtain the best solution. During this process all alternatives and courses of action are considered and evaluated completely. This approach consumes time and resources because every alternative has to be evaluated in order to obtain the best solution. In my opinion the decision-making process should be exercise as much as possible in order to obtain the optimum solution to a problem. Leaders should be aware of both approaches and select one based on time, safety concerns, priority of the task, and resources available. What is a quality circle? Quality circle is a work of employees and supervisors, who meet regularly to discuss their quality problems, investigate causes, recommend solutions, and take corrective actions (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p. 237). A successful quality circle should include the following: a comptroller, individual assignment, tentative times, progress report, implementation and performance monitoring. The comptroller will be in charge of conducting the meetings, keeping record of the problems, progress and implementation. Problems should be brainstorm by the group and assigned to the best qualify employee. Each problem should have a tentative time to obtain a solution. During each meeting a progress report is required in order to ensure timely solution of the problem. Implementing the solution and monitoring its performance will ensure employee’s satisfaction and develop credibility to the quality circle. The end statement of the quality circle is to fix problems in the organization.

The conflicting emotions that Juliet Essays - Free Essays

The conflicting emotions that Juliet Essays - Free Essays Deswanie Johnson#6 12/16/15 Literature Grade 8 3. The conflicting emotions that Juliet is struggling with towards Romeo is she's confused and angry. She's having mix emotions. She's having mix emotions because she doesn't know what to feel.She's confused and angry because she doesn't understand why would Romeo kill her own cousin. She's angry because he killed Tybalt. She also doesn't understand how someone that is so good can turn evil.On line 91-95 on the modern text it says "He was not born to be shameful. Shame does not belong with Romeo.He deserves only honor, complete hono."That's the reason why Juliet is so confused.She also doesn't know what to do because that's her husband now. According to page 160 line 98 "Shall I speak ill of him that is my husband." So she's debating if she should talk to him. Also Juliet kind of feels happy because she's says "But wherefore,villain,didst thou kill my cousin? That villain cousin would have killed my husband."She's happy because if Romeo didn't kill Tybalt than there could have been a chance that Tybalt would have die. She says "That "banishd," that one word "banishd" Hath slain ten thousand Tybalts. 4. Juliet finals decisions about Romeo at the end of Act III Scene ll is she tells the Nurse to go find Romeo and give him the ring. Also she tells the Nurse to tell him she wants to say goodbye. She tells her to tell him to come say goodbye to her before he is banished from Verona.On page 164 Juliet says (gives the Nurse a ring) "O, find him! Give this ring to my true knight, And bid him to come to take his last farewell." 5. Lady Capulet's plan for Romeo is she plans to poison Romeo's drink and Romeo will join Tybalt in death. She hopes that Juliet will be happy. On page 105 line 86 it says "We will have vengeance for it, fear thou not. Then weep no more. I'll send to one Manuta, Where that same banished runagate doth live, Shall give him such an unaccustomed dram That he shall soon keep Tybalt company. And then,I hope, thou wilt be satisfied.

5 Errors of Restriction

5 Errors of Restriction 5 Errors of Restriction 5 Errors of Restriction By Mark Nichol 1. â€Å"Bank of America’s purchase of Fleet Boston for $47 billion will create the biggest bank in the United States with thirty-three million customers.† The lack of punctuation in this sentence invites the impression that of all the banks in the United States with thirty-three million customers, the Bank of America will be the largest. But the last phrase merely refers to the size of the customer base after the merger. This additional information should be set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma: â€Å"Bank of America’s purchase of Fleet Boston for $47 billion will create the biggest bank in the United States, with thirty-three million customers.† Alternatively, the information can be inserted parenthetically into the middle of the sentence: â€Å"Bank of America’s purchase of Fleet Boston for $47 billion, which boosts its customer base to thirty-three million, will create the biggest bank in the United States.† 2. â€Å"Take a visit to the military test kitchen where bad grub is taken very seriously.† The implication here is that among military test kitchens, the one in question is the only one that focuses on bad food. However, it’s quite likely there’s only one military test kitchen, a fact this sentence indicates by the simple insertion of a comma: â€Å"Take a visit to the military test kitchen, where bad grub is taken very seriously.† (If there is more than one, the implied multiplicity of kitchens is distracting; a simple change of the article preceding the noun phrase will remove the obstacle: â€Å"Take a visit to a military test kitchen where bad grub is taken very seriously.†) 3. â€Å"Yesterday, ChevronTexaco announced the deal that’s expected to be complete within six months.† The reader might get the impression that of two or more deals, this one’s expected to take up to six months to complete. But there’s only one deal, and it should be complete within six months. To communicate that information, set the time frame apart from the phrase about the announcement, and change that to which: â€Å"Yesterday, ChevronTexaco announced the deal, which is expected to be complete within six months.† 4. â€Å"Daniel Libeskind is the architect of the proposed $43 million Contemporary Jewish Museum project in San Francisco that will begin construction next year.† This example is less likely than the previous one to confuse readers about the number of similar events expected to occur; it’s unlikely that anyone will assume that more than one museum project is in the offing. However, the sentence is constructed so that such distraction is possible. To clarify, undertake the same revision as in the example above: â€Å"Daniel Libeskind is the architect of the proposed $43 million Contemporary Jewish Museum project in San Francisco, which will begin construction next year.† 5. â€Å"The company’s incident-response can quickly and reliably identify events, which threaten an organization’s security posture.† Note that this sentence, by contrast, errs in the other direction: The wording and punctuation implies that all events are a threat to the organization’s security posture. But the sentence intends to refer to a restricted type of events, so it should be worded to convey that meaning: â€Å"The company’s incident-response can quickly and reliably identify events that threaten an organization’s security posture.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite AdjectivesTime Words: Era, Epoch, and EonCapitalizing Titles of People and Groups

A streetcar named desire Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A streetcar named desire - Movie Review Example In fact, this led to stoppage of production for the older version that had been edited, since the film had been converted into two-television movie and an opera (McCarthy, 2011). There are efforts made by produces and movie studio aimed at making this film a blockbuster during the summer of 1949, thereby focused on Broadway production in month of December 1949 (McCarthy, 2011). Therefore, some of other cinematic changes made on the film were censorship approvals that led to the film becoming a failure and subject to artistic mockery. The other changes involved setting the first scene; for example in the original text, Blanche’s was nervously waiting for her to arrive, while in film her sister ventures down to bowling alley in order to find her sister (McCarthy, 2011). Therefore, these changes were a form of expanding the settings of the scene in a way that would increase viewers’ image regarding characters environment. Besides, this would also give the viewers glimpses in to characters lives, thereby avoiding perception that they are group of players. These changes were made in order to convert the play into a film through Motion Picture Production Code of time. On the other hand, there were other changes made in order to reduce the level of sexuality that had to be changed in order to facilitate approval of the film in regions dominated by a powerful Roman Catholic Church group and Legion of Decency in America (McCarthy, 2011). Apparently, these alterations were meant to impose business impact would lead to satisfaction. There were other changes made due to objections, for instance in 1993, there was a restoration of this film after changes were made on the original version in Legion that had been disbanded (McCarthy, 2011). There were other changes made in order to prevent certain characters such as Blanche, from portraying their frenetic nature of decency into maelstrom of madness. Furthermore, changes made on scene settings were aimed at increasing

Business Plan for Great Barrier Reef Sponge Farm Case Study

Business Plan for Great Barrier Reef Sponge Farm - Case Study Example Based on feasibility studies, the business has targeted two premises, one to be used as its administrative office and the other as its factory location. Rents in the administrative block stand at $15,000 per annum while rents at the factory stand at $16,000 amounting to a total of $31,000 per annum. Initial funding for the project is expected to be $100,000. Of this amount, the principal shareholder has contributed 40%, that is, $40,000 while a bank lone of $60,000 has been secured to cover the remaining 60% of the funding requirements. The proprietor placed his three apartments flat as collateral security for the loan. Sales for the first year are expected to amount to $500,000 and are expected to grow at an annual rate of 10%. Gross profit is expected to be $100,000 against which expenses for rents, depreciation of factory equipment, wages and salaries, overhead expenses and miscellaneous expenses will be charged. Expenses during the second, third, fourth and fifth year are expected to witness increases as the company plans to increase expenditure on advertising, research and development, staff, and office and factory equipment. Constant growth is expected to come from an aggressive marketing strategy that will be adopted by the company. The company also expects to develop a good reputation through the supply of high quality products as well as good customer services. The company will also do everything necessary to protect the environment it which it operates such as improving its waste management activities as well becoming ISO1400 certified. Mission Statement. The mission of Reef Sponge Farm Cairn-Australia is to provide its customers with high quality sponges and to maintain a high reputation in the sponge industry in Cairns and Australia as a whole. Overview SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis refers to the strengths, weaknesses threats and opportunities. Strengths include such things as technical competence of proprietors, enough financial resources, good network of contacts for potential clients, suppliers and target market. Weaknesses include lack of management skills, no business track record, and no current plan for management succession in the short-term. Opportunities include rapidly growing market, poor reputation of existing businesses, large number of old yet valuable homes, availability of casual staff and tradespersons, availability of display and manufacturing premises within the area, high disposable income within the target market, potential for future expansion of the business. Threats include poor reputation of the industry, potential for economic downturn, natural disasters and catastrophes, wars, existence of competitors rising cost of raw materials, rising cost of real wages, government regulation. As far as Great Barrier Reef Sponge Farm is concerned, the main strengths of the company include the presence of scientists with experience in sponge products who have sound technical basis in solving production problems as they arise and in proposing innovative strategies for growth. The company has also has a good management with knowledge of both financial, managerial and marketing skills which makes it possible for it to overcome management problems and thus increases its ability to succeed in the industry. Some of the weaknesses of

London Guide Book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

London Guide Book - Essay Example You can get pretty much any drink from a giant skull head filled with punch to a volcano that erupts with your favorite drink of choice. Also a restaurant, Tonteria really has it all. A phenomenal DJ, a good crowd, great drinks and food. Sounds like the perfect Monday to me. A gentlemen’s club? A speak easy? A place for happy endings? To most passersby, La Bodega Negra can mislead anyone. The exterior’s effervescent neon signage displays â€Å"Adult Video† and â€Å"Peep Show†, concealing the exciting restaurant within. With its Mexican street cuisine and the provocative feel of the interiors, the place caters to all your senses. A perfect place for after-work drinks or a full-fledged feast with friends, La Bodega Negra never fails to bring the fun atmosphere, no matter what day of the week it may be. With its impressive menu of cocktails, with special emphasis on its array of specialty tequilas, it may be in your best interest to also peruse the impressive list of tapas and

Organizational Dynamics And Human Resources Management Management Essay

Organizational Dynamics And Human Resources Management Management Essay The terms Human Resource Management and Human Resources have replaced what was known as Personnel Management when it comes to describing the processes involved in managing people in organisations. The current trend towards people-oriented activities can serve the modern business challenges more effectively than the traditional Personnel Management approach. Naturally in a rapidly and constantly changing business environment, there is a call for more human resources involvement and more focus on human resource strategies in conjunction with the business strategies. Meanwhile there is evidence of devolving traditional human resource activities to line managers instead of personnel specialists. Recently, much of the work traditionally done by the human resources department has been devolved to line managers, who are now expected to take charge of people management activities such as, recruitment, selection, appraisals and training needs. This trend is encouraged as it leads to a closer relationship between line managers and employees, and hence leading to better employee performance and increased managers effectiveness. Torrington and Hall (2009) suggest that sharing HR activities between line managers and HR specialists is the key for a strategic HRM future, where HR specialists focus on business performance rather than operational concerns. This report highlights the significant role that line managers in HR activities while emphasising the importance of an HR specialist role for long term performance benefits. The Concept of Human Resource Management: HRM is defined as an approach to the management of people, the most valued assets of an organisation with their individual and the collective contribution to the success and achievement of the business objectives. Furthermore, Alan Price identifies HRM in Human Resource Management in a Business Context (2004) as the qualitative improvement of human beings who are the most valuable assets of an organisation. Hence HRM is concerned with the effective management of an organisations employees to achieve the strategic objectives of the business. Dave Ulrich (1996) defined four fields for the HRM role Strategic business partner Change management Employee champion Administration However, HR professionals have struggled to prove their value as a strategic business partner and were mainly concerned with the reactive roles of administration and employee champion despite the modern approach to devolve HR activities to line management. The Role of Line Managers in HR: Line managers have a major role in influencing employee behaviours and attitudes which reflects on performance and motivation. The increased responsibilities are mainly focused on people management where line managers could transform HR policies into practices to be embraced by employees leading to commitment, quality, productivity and ultimately, business performance (Hutchinson and Purcell, 2003). The CIPD highlighted the areas four areas where line managers can influence people management practices: Training, coaching and guiding Performance appraisal Dealing with discipline and grievances Recruitment and selection Moreover Hutchinson and Purcell (2007) explored the critical role of line managers in key HR areas including reward, training, learning and development, and identified that line managers do not only implement and bring HR policies into life, but also play a significant role in influencing employee attitudes and experiences. A case study at Selfridges indicates evidence that line managers in the retail store helped improve employees attitudes and behaviours. This change in the line management role mainly focussed on improvements to people management behaviours and skill sets. (Hutchinson and Purcell, 2003) However, a survey by Employment Review show HR practitioners disagree that line managers are applying these responsibilities effectively and training for line managers in people management should be compulsory. (Nadia Williams, 2008) In addition line managers agree with HR practitioners perception, as they struggle with the work overload and conflicting priorities to find time for people management activities. A research conducted by CIPD (2007) emphasise the extent of devolvement in the NHS, where ward managers effectively take responsibility for recruitment, selection, induction, appraisal and personal development plans, planning and delivering training, mentoring, communication, absence control and managing difficult people. The additional responsibilities are not welcomed by line managers who linked the lack of time and increased stress to the increased work load. Despite the trend to devolve HR activities to line managers, Phil Brown, in Why HR Must Empower the Line Manager (2008), believes that HR professionals are holding on to power and are unwilling to provide line managers with the tolls and information to perform HR duties effectively. Therefore CIPD stressed in their 2009 report that line managers need the following to fulfil their HR duties: Time to attempt management roles Carefully selected behaviour competencies Support by strong organisational values Sufficient people management skills training Career opportunity linked to training and development Involvement in decision making But above all, line managers need self-confidence, a strong sense of job security and development in the organisation. Support by HR professionals is welcomed by line managers as they take more accountability of implementing HR people management activities. This allows HR professionals to fulfil their own potential in defining policies and strategies that are adequately aligned with business strategies. Strategic HRM: The nature of Human Resource Management has changed from being reactive, prescriptive and administrative to being proactive, descriptive and executive (Boxall, 1994). Moreover, Guest (1997) highlighted the contribution of HRM in improving an organisations performance and overall success while Katou and Budhwar (2007) outlined three perspectives for HR practices. The Universalistic practice assumes the best of HR practices and implies business strategies and HR policies are independent in determining business performance. The Contingency practice implies a fit between business strategies and HR policies in determining business performance. The Configurational practice implies an interaction between business strategies and HR policies based on an internal and external fit of the organisational context in determining business performance. These perspectives highlight the growing contribution of HRM as an integral part of business strategy and success. Consequently, the term Strategic human resource management evolved which Guest (1987) outlined to be largely concerned with integration of HRM into the business strategy and adaptation of HRM at all levels of the organisation. In line with the emergence of SHRM, Budhwar and Sparrow (2002) proposed four generic HR strategies: Talent acquisition Resource allocation Talent improvement Cost reduction Strategic HRM is based on the integration of HRM and business strategies for the effective management of human resources. Barney (1991) suggests that organisations achieve competitive advantage by creating unique HRM systems that cannot be imitated. Recently, the pace of change in the global market has identified a significant number of contemporary issues emphasising the growing influence of strategic HRM and the importance of a human resources specialist to manage these challenges effectively. Contemporary Issues in Strategic HRM: HR professionals are struggling to catch up with the pace of transformation in global markets. Evidently, HRM faces an increasing challenge to use policies and strategies in the best interest of organisations and employees to maintain profitability and stability. The following are three basic examples of these challenges. Globalisation: The changes in international markets due to globalisation have a major effect on businesses in general and on how businesses manage human resources in particular. Although globalisation has many benefits, there are problems that have been attributed to the following factors: Reduction in job security because work can be moved from one country to another. Undercutting of one countrys wages by another, leading to erosion of wage rates. Increased working hours and exposure to health and safety risks to cut costs. HR professionals are struggling to ensure proper staffing and development with the required knowledge and skills for the changing business environment and according to Alan Price (2004), HR professionals are expected to be: Role models displaying appropriate company behaviours and values Fixers, adapting corporate values and mission statements to local circumstances Networkers, making connections between local managers and other parts of the business Coaches or mentors, transferring knowledge to local managers A major task for HR professionals is putting significant effort in the training and development of line managers to implement the relevant HR policies which can consistently be applied across different locations and cultures. Talent Management: One of the main challenges for HRM is to attract, develop and retain talented individuals though a recruitment, selection and development process. Nestlà © is a case in point as it uses a talent puddles initiative to overcome the shortage of skilled applicants. The process consists of small puddles each containing potential talents for each function rather than the whole company. (CIPD report 2007) The strategy managed to reduce the time and cost for filling vacancies and selecting suitable candidates. Other considerations include management of labour turnover and emphasizing employer branding in attracting the right candidates. Marks Spencer, the major high street retailer, conducted an analysis to understand and redefine its employer brand to keep ahead of the competition. This analysis explored the factors that increase job satisfaction and highlight the factors that make working at MS a unique experience. The analysis resulted in a better communication between the company and its employees that drove improvements across the business as well as increased levels of commitment and productivity. (CIPD report 2007) HR professionals invest considerable effort into finding new trends to attract and retain the right talents; however, their role is surpasses ensuring a faultless selection process. HR critical responsibilities include initial job design planning, defining the required qualifications and conducting accurate selection methods to ensure compliance with litigations and to avoid any legal case for discrimination or sexual harassment. Therefore HR professionals need to have the skills and knowledge that are required to handle these tasks effectively. Managing Diversity: For over thirty years the emphasis and progress on equality and diversity has been ongoing but slow. Globalisation and demographic change is putting further pressure on organisations to develop and manage equal opportunity and diversity strategies to improve performance and promote competitive position. (Torrington and Hall 2009) Furthermore the CIPD defines diversity as: valuing everyone as individuals as employees, customers and clients so diversity is a broader term of equality which aims to improve the opportunities of disadvantaged groups within an approach inclusive of all employees rather than focusing on the disadvantaged as in equality approach. Some of the main diversity issues may include: Age discrimination Bullying and harassment Disability Equal pay Race discrimination Religious discrimination Sex discrimination A recent case of bullying and harassment concerned British Gas, whose workers have been balloted for strike action over alleged bullying at the company. The GMB union sent ballot papers to 8,000 members at British Gas to vote over claims of bullying and plans for job cuts. It said the management culture was undermining employees terms and conditions. (PM online, 11/03/2010) It is worth noting that managing diversity is not solely an HR job but there is a great emphasis on the line managers role in promoting and achieving diversity in a workplace as well as handling conflicts before developing and becoming harder to resolve. Conclusion: Human resource management has evolved from the traditional personnel perspective and continues to evolve due to rapid change in the global business environment: in customer trends, competitors strategies and advancing technologies. Indeed factors such as globalisation, credit crunch and creation of multinational corporations have resulted in increased pressure to maintain the competitive edge while reducing operative costs. Clearly the daily HRM activities have become integrated in line operations; however, an investment is needed in time and effort to up skill managers to fulfil their HR responsibilities properly. HR needs to provide and integrate well designed policies and strategies in frameworks and systems to enable line managers to perform effectively. Despite an obvious trend to devolve more human resource activities into line management, clearly many of the new challenges require special skills and knowledge that line managers may not generally have. Therefore HR specialists and line managers must collaborate to achieve the business objectives within a frame of legislation and compliance. Hence the role of an HR specialist is moving towards a strategic partnership aligned with the business strategies while coordinating, advising and supporting line managers in performing the HR activities required. Obviously, line managers have a responsibility towards their staff, given the close relationship and direct daily connection and interaction. Line managers are expected to implement and deliver the policies and strategies that are devised by HR specialists. There are many areas of HRM like talent management where line managers need more responsibility to manage activities, such as attracting, retaining, developing and motivating. Moreover, line managers must have authority and responsibility to control and reward the staff which in turn will improve their people management and leadership skills. Finally it is evident that there is a correlation between HR professionals and line managers in certain HR activities that require further development. The report focussed on line managers as a front line management role, though HR knowledge and skills should be a requirement for middle management. Managers need be given adequate training and sufficient time to take on HR activities; these requirements should be included in HR strategies to achieve a high performance workforce objective.